MedLinkby Tunes Group
The gap What changes For whom At national scale Where this goes Team Request a briefing

Built in Rwanda, for health systems across Africa

Health data, with the reason attached.

MedLink attaches a coded, countable reason to every clinical encounter — inside a country's own systems, on its own hardware. It requires no new form, no new hardware, and no change to how anyone works.

Every mark is an encounter already recorded. Move across them. Illustrative
The gap

Health systems are adopting new tools faster than they can tell whether they work.

Records that follow the patient. AI that helps a clinician decide what to prescribe. Follow-up after a patient goes home. Health systems across Africa are taking all of them on — and each will be asked the same question: did patients get better?

Today that answer depends on asking: sampling patients, waiting for replies, trusting what people remember or choose to say. The record already holds a better one. The next visit shows whether a treatment worked, and the clinician usually knows why it did not — the medicine was not taken, was not what it should have been, or no longer works. That reason is lost, because the record has nowhere to put it.

MedLink gives it a place. One coded reason at the return visit, counted like any other field — so every programme, every tool and every prescription can be measured by what happened to the patient.

What changes

A coded reason changes what the count contains.

How many were treated and came back. How many referrals were raised and never completed. Where a diagnosis did not hold up at the next visit.

Aggregated by facility and by district, that is a map of where care is breaking down — built from encounters already being recorded, with no new inspection and no new form.

MedLink shows where outcomes are worse. It tells you where to look.

The same encounters, twice

Illustrative — the shape of the data, not real figures.

A total. Encounters counted, and nothing inside the count. Every mark is real and already recorded — but they are indistinguishable from one another, so nothing about the quality of care can be read off them.

The same marks, now separable. Treated and recovered. Returned. Referral raised and never completed. Diagnosis did not hold at the next visit. No new data was collected to get here — the reason was attached to records that already existed.

What changes, and for whom

Seven readers of the same record.

Named by function, so the argument holds in any health system that keeps records. Rwanda's institutions are given as the worked example.

For the patient

  • Treatment that is not working is noticed at the second visit, not the fifth.
  • No switch to an expensive second-line regimen when the real problem was a missed refill.
  • A referral that was never completed is seen — and can be followed up.

For the clinician

  • Sees not just that this patient is not better, but the reason recorded at their last visit, wherever it happened.
  • Two short questions, on a return visit only. No new form, nothing extra to fill in.
  • Their judgment overrides the system, and the disagreement is recorded.

For the facility

  • Its own results are visible to it as well as to the district — the same numbers, no separate report to file.
  • Referrals it sends can be followed through to completion.

For the national health-data agency and its analysts

In Rwanda, the National Health Intelligence Centre
  • A countable reason field inside data the agency already holds — filtered and aggregated like any other.
  • An observation layer across every facility — which ones have problems, and of what kind — without a single new report being filed.
  • A second read on the surveillance already being built: counts catch a rise in what was coded; a reason catches the cluster recorded as something else. The two fail differently.

For the ministry and the public health agency

In Rwanda, MINISANTE and RBC
  • Separates drug resistance from product quality from adherence — three different responses, at three very different costs.
  • Real-world drug effectiveness by district and patient profile, arriving as a by-product of care rather than a commissioned study.
  • Shows exactly where the cancer and HIV care pathways break, and in which districts.

For the country

  • Personal data never leaves the country. The reasoning runs on-premise.
  • The trained adaptation, the vocabulary and every reason produced remain the country's own.
  • Completes what eBuzima was built for: a record that follows the patient, not the facility.

For the programmes and tools being rolled out

Digital records, clinical decision support, patient follow-up — wherever they are deployed
  • An outcome measure from routine care: did patients treated with a tool get better, compared with those treated without it — by facility and by district?
  • Evidence that arrives continuously, as a by-product of care, rather than from a one-off study.
  • Works alongside patient-facing apps and follow-up services: they hear how the patient feels; the record says what happened, and why.
What the record still can't say

A record can follow the patient. It still can't say why.

One patient, several facilities. Every visit can be recorded and visible, and a referral can still be raised without anyone learning whether it was completed — or why not. Linked by reason, the same encounters become a path that can be followed.

Health post First visit District hospital Referral raised Referral centre Never completed Health post Returns, no better
An encounter, recorded where it happened Linked by reason Raised, never completed
At national scale

Three causes that look identical in the record.

A patient is not getting better. Today that is one fact, and it reads the same whichever of three things is behind it. Each calls for a different response, at a very different cost.

In the record today

Treatment is not working.

This line does not change when you choose a different cause. That is the whole problem: all three arrive looking the same.

Adherence

What is actually happening

Doses were missed. The medicine would have worked.

The response

Follow-up and a refill the patient can reach. The cheapest of the three, and the one most often mistaken for something worse.

Who acts

The facility, and the patient's own clinician.

Product quality

What is actually happening

The medicine underperformed. The question is about a batch and a supply chain, not about the patient.

The response

Trace the batch. Check storage and distribution against other facilities that received it.

Who acts

The ministry and the medicines regulator.

Resistance

What is actually happening

The organism has changed. It will not answer this regimen, and it can be passed on.

The response

Genotyping, a change of regimen, and surveillance around the cluster. The most expensive of the three, and the one that must not be missed.

Who acts

The national laboratory, and the researchers who do this work.

Confusing them is expensive in both directions. Treat resistance as an adherence problem and it keeps spreading while everyone waits. Treat adherence as resistance and a country pays for second-line regimens it never needed.

What this replaces

Not a bigger sample. A different way of choosing where to take one.

Resistance surveillance today means taking samples: a subset of patients, at selected sites, periodically. It is careful, expensive work, and between rounds the national picture is an inference drawn from a fraction of the country.

A reason attached to every encounter is a different kind of input. It covers the whole country, continuously, because it is assembled from encounters that are already being recorded — arriving as a by-product of care rather than as a commissioned study.

The laboratory capacity does not grow. It stops being spread evenly, and starts being pointed.

Survey sampling

A subset of sites, revisited periodically. Everything else is inferred.

A reason on every encounter

The whole country, continuously — and a small number of places worth sending a test.

Each cell is a facility. Illustrative — the shape of the coverage, not real figures.

MedLink is not a test, and it does not replace one. No genotype is read from a record. What it does is read patterns across records that already exist, and say where a real test is worth running. The sample is still taken by the people who take samples, and read by the people who read them — they are simply told where to look.

No new data collection. No new hardware. No change to any prescription.

Year one explains records that are already complete — text only, on the analytics tier, with no regulated device in scope.

  • MedLink never says what to give. A clinician always decides.
  • Where the evidence is insufficient, the system writes nothing at all.
  • A clinician's judgment overrides the system, and the disagreement is recorded.
Where this goes

Rwanda first, because Rwanda is furthest along.

Why here

eBuzima already exists. The national digital health layer is unusually mature, and there is a real counterpart to build against in the National Health Intelligence Centre. A method that attaches meaning to existing records needs existing records worth attaching to — and Rwanda has them.

Why it travels

The gap is not Rwanda's alone. Every health system that counts encounters has the same blind spot, and the same records sitting underneath it. Because the method rides on what is already being written down — no new form, no new hardware, no change to clinical practice — what has to be rebuilt for another country is the vocabulary, not the system.

Sovereignty

The reasoning runs on-premise, inside the country that owns the records. Personal data never leaves. The trained adaptation, the vocabulary and every reason produced remain the country's own — which is the condition on which a ministry can adopt this at all, and the reason it cannot quietly become someone else's dataset.

The team

The people building it.

Elvis Mutangana

Co-founder

Miriam Meles

Co-founder

Ezio Munyengango

Co-founder

Heritier Bagumire

CTO

Munyaneza Peace

CTO

Ineza Rwigema Gabin

Head of Growth

Talk to us

Two conversations, one door.

Health systems and institutions

If you hold national or facility-level records and want to see what a reason field would show you, we will walk you through it against your own data structures — not a generic demonstration.

Funders and partners

We are building this in Rwanda first, for health systems across Africa. If your work touches health outcomes, data sovereignty or digital public infrastructure, we would like to talk.

Reach us directly

The brief was prepared for the National Health Intelligence Centre and covers what changes, and for whom, in a single page.